NONE 20260224105849662 naun/naun content-registration-form+ja@crossref.org content-registration-form International Journal of Education and Information Technologies 2074-1316 Lazar Pendov Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Plovdiv, Bulgaria Ivan Ganchev Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Plovdiv, Bulgaria This paper proposes a method for generating and recommending personalized evacuation routes in cases of natural disasters or industrial accidents—a topic of significant importance given the recent increase in such events. The utilization of the method is demonstrated on an example of a disaster/accident, having an epicenter, which is spreading radially in all directions with the same speed of onset. The web-based app, specially developed for this purpose, is briefly presented as well. 02 24 2026 02 24 2026 25 4 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en_US 10.46300/9109.2026.20.4 https://npublications.com/journals/educationinformation/2026/a082008-004(2026).pdf M. T. Rashid, D. Zhang, and D. Wang, “DASC: Towards a Road Damage-Aware Social-media-driven Car Sensing Framework for Disaster Response Applications,” Pervasive and Mobile Computing, vol. 67, pp. 101207. 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.pmcj.2020.101207. V. Krishnan, G. S. Kumar, P. Anand, and M. Rajesh, “Locating and Routing for IoT-Based Fire Evacuation System,” In: M. S. Thampi, P. Siarry, M. Atiquzzaman, L. Trajkovic, J. L. Mauri, (eds) Fifth International Conference on Computing and Network Communications (CoCoNet), Bengaluru (Bangalore), India. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol. 1219, pp. 151-160. Springer, Singapore. 2025. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-97- 4540-1_12. Y. Mei, , P. Gui, X. Luo, B. Liang, L. Fu, and X. Zheng, “IoTbased Real Time Intelligent Routing for Eemergent Crowd Evacuation,” Library Hi Tech, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 604-624. 2019. DOI: 10.1108/LHT-11-2017-0251. K. Padungpien, and W. Marurngsith, “Creating Social-aware Evacuation Plans based on a GIS-enable Agent-based Simulation,” Proc. 9th EUROSIM Congress on Modelling and Simulation, pp. 452-458. Oulu, Finland. 2018. G. Lämmel, M. Rieser, and K. Nagel, “Large Scale Microscopic Evacuation Simulation,” In: W. Klingsch, C. Rogsch, A. Schadschneider, M. Schreckenberg, (eds) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, pp. 547-553. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. 2010. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-04504-2_48. H. Srikanth, “Reinforcement Learning Based Escape Route Generation in Low Visibility Environments,” arXiv, 2024. DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2406.07568. D. Xu, X. Huang, J. Mango, X. Li, and Z. Li, “Simulating Multi-exit Evacuation using Deep Reinforcement Learning,” Transactions in GIS, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 1542-1564. 2021. DOI: 10.1111/tgis.12738. U. Atila, Y. Ortakci, K. Ozacar, E. Demiral, and I. R. Karas, “SmartEscape: A Mobile Smart Individual Fire Evacuation System Based on 3D Spatial Model,” ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 223. 2018. DOI: doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7060223. J. Zhang, J. Guo, H. Xiong, X. Liu, and D. Zhang, “A Framework for an Intelligent and Personalized Fire Evacuation Management System,” Sensors, vol. 19, no. 14, pp. 3128. 2019. DOI: 10.3390/s19143128. I. Aedo, S. Yu, P. Díaz, P. Acuña, and T. Onorati, “Personalized Alert Notifications and Evacuation Routes in Indoor Environments,” Sensors, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 7804-7827. 2012. DOI: 10.3390/s120607804. L. Pendov and I. Ganchev, “Infrastructureless ICT System for Delivery of Early Warning and Notification Messages in Cases of Natural Disasters or Industrial Accidents,” International Journal of Education and Information Technologies, vol. 19, pp. 62-70. 2025. D. Edler and M. Vetter, “The Simplicity of Modern Audiovisual Web Cartography: An Example with the Open-Source JavaScript Library leaflet.js,” KN - Journal of Cartography and Geographic Information, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 51-62. 2019. DOI: 10.1007/s42489-019-00006-2.